Essential Japanese Phrases for Everyday Situations
Kyaw Min
Lifestyle Support Specialist
How to use this guide
Each entry shows the English, the Japanese (kanji/kana), and a simple romanization (romaji). Use the romaji if you're not comfortable reading kana yet. Practice aloud โ pronunciation goes a long way.
Basics & Greetings
- Hello / Good afternoon โ ใใใซใกใฏ (Konnichiwa)
- Good morning โ ใใฏใใใใใใพใ (Ohayou gozaimasu)
- Good evening โ ใใใฐใใฏ (Konbanwa)
- Good night โ ใใใใฟใชใใ (Oyasumi nasai)
- Thank you โ ใใใใจใใใใใพใ (Arigatou gozaimasu)
- You're welcome / No problem โ ใฉใใใใใพใใฆ (Dou itashimashite)
- Excuse me / I'm sorry โ ใใฟใพใใ (Sumimasen)
- Nice to meet you โ ใฏใใใพใใฆ (Hajimemashite)
Polite Essentials
- Please โ ใ้กใใใพใ (Onegaishimasu)
- Yes โ ใฏใ (Hai)
- No โ ใใใ (Iie)
- I don't understand โ ใใใใพใใ (Wakarimasen)
- Could you say that again? โ ใใไธๅบฆ่จใฃใฆใใ ใใ (Mou ichido itte kudasai)
- Do you speak English? โ ่ฑ่ชใ่ฉฑใใพใใ๏ผ (Eigo o hanasemasu ka?)
Transport & Directions
- Where is ...? โ ... ใฏใฉใใงใใ๏ผ (... wa doko desu ka?)
- How do I get to [station/place]? โ [้ง /ๅ ดๆ] ใธใฏใฉใ่กใใฐใใใงใใ๏ผ ([eki/basho] e wa dou ikeba ii desu ka?)
- Which platform for [line]? โ [็ท] ใฎใใผใ ใฏใฉใใงใใ๏ผ ([sen] no hลmu wa dore desu ka?)
- One ticket to [place], please โ [ๅ ดๆ] ใพใงไธๆใ้กใใใพใ ([basho] made ichimai onegaishimasu)
- I'm lost โ ้ใซ่ฟทใใพใใ (Michi ni mayoi mashita)
Restaurants & Food
- A table for two, please โ ไบไบบใงใ (Futari desu) / ไบไบบใ้กใใใพใ (Futari onegaishimasu)
- Can I see the menu? โ ใกใใฅใผใ่ฆใใฆใใใใพใใ๏ผ (Menyuu o misete moraemasu ka?)
- I'm allergic to ... โ ... ใขใฌใซใฎใผใใใใพใ (... arerugii ga arimasu)
- Check, please โ ใไผ่จใ้กใใใพใ (Okaikei onegaishimasu)
- No raw fish / vegetarian โ ็้ญใฏใใกใงใ / ใใธใฟใชใขใณใงใ (Namazakana wa dame desu / Bejitarian desu)
Shopping & Services
- How much is this? โ ใใใฏใใใใงใใ๏ผ (Kore wa ikura desu ka?)
- I'll take it โ ใใใใใ ใใ (Kore o kudasai)
- Do you accept credit cards? โ ใฏใฌใธใใใซใผใใฏไฝฟใใพใใ๏ผ (Kurejitto kaado wa tsukaemasu ka?)
- Can I try this on? โ ่ฉฆ็ใใฆใใใใงใใ๏ผ (Shichaku shite mo ii desu ka?)
Numbers & Time
Useful numbers: 1โichi, 2โni, 3โsan, 4โyon/shi, 5โgo, 10โjuu. For time, 7:30 is ไธๆไธๅ (shichi-ji sanjuu).
1 โ ใใก (ichi) 2 โ ใซ (ni) 3 โ ใใ (san) 4 โ ใ / ใใ (shi / yon) 5 โ ใ (go) 6 โ ใใ (roku) 7 โ ใใก / ใชใช (shichi / nana) 8 โ ใฏใก (hachi) 9 โ ใใ ใ (kyuu) 10 โ ใใ ใ (juu)
Emergencies
- Help! โ ๅฉใใฆ๏ผ (Tasukete!)
- Call an ambulance โ ๆๆฅ่ปใๅผใใงใใ ใใ (Kyuukyuu-sha o yonde kudasai)
- Call the police โ ่ญฆๅฏใๅผใใงใใ ใใ (Keisatsu o yonde kudasai)
- I need a doctor โ ๅป่ ใๅฟ ่ฆใงใ (Isha ga hitsuyou desu)
- My phone was stolen โ ๆบๅธฏใ็ใพใใพใใ (Keitai o nusumaremashita)
Polite Conversation Starters
- Where are you from? โ ใฉใกใใฎใๅบ่บซใงใใ๏ผ (Dochira no goshusshin desu ka?)
- What do you do? โ ใไปไบใฏไฝใงใใ๏ผ (Oshigoto wa nan desu ka?)
- It's nice to meet you โ ใไผใใงใใฆใใใใใงใ (Oai dekite ureshii desu)
Pronunciation tips
- Short vowels: a / i / u / e / o โ keep them brief.
- Double consonants: ใฃใฆ (tte) โ insert a short pause.
- R sound is between r/l โ practice arigatou and ramen.
- Politeness matters โ adding ใใพใ or ใใงใ makes phrases polite.
Sample mini-dialogues
You: ใใฟใพใใใไบไบบใงใใ Staff: ไฝๅๆงใงใใ๏ผ You: ไบๅใงใใ (You: Sumimasen, futari desu. โ "Excuse me, table for two.")
You: ใใฟใพใใใ[้ง ๅ] ใฏใฉใใงใใ๏ผ Stranger: ใพใฃใใ่กใฃใฆใไบใค็ฎใฎ่งใๅณใงใใ (You: Sumimasen, [eki-mei] wa doko desu ka? โ "Where is [station]?")
Further learning & resources
Use apps for pronunciation practice, join language exchanges, and try simple daily interactions โ shops and cafes are great low-pressure places to practice.
- Practice apps (flashcards & speaking)
- Meetup groups & language exchange events
- Beginner textbooks and NHK Easy News for reading